Technical Glossary

Flammability Class

UL 94, the Safety Standard for Flammability of Plastic Materials in Components for Devices and Appliances, includes multiple flame classifications that determine the burning characteristics of different plastics.

UL 94 Flame Classifications:

Professional Plastics offers materials with one of six classifications specified under UL 94. These classifications, listed in descending order within three categories, are used to assess a material’s response to exposure to a controlled flame in a laboratory setting. The classifications (UL 94, 5VA, 5VB, V-0, V-1, V-2, HB) help to evaluate the burning properties of materials used in electronic enclosures, structural parts, and insulators.

UL 94 V-0 Vertical Burn: Burning ceases within 10 seconds; no flaming drips allowed.
UL 94 V-1 Vertical Burn: Burning ceases within 60 seconds; no flaming drips allowed.
UL 94 V-2 Vertical Burn: Burning ceases within 60 seconds; flaming drips are allowed.
UL 94 H-B Horizontal Burn: Slow horizontal burn test. HB-rated materials are considered “self-extinguishing” and have the lowest (least flame-retardant) classification under UL 94.

Horizontal vs. Vertical Testing:

Plastic samples are positioned either horizontally or vertically during testing, depending on the requirements. The samples are exposed to a specified ignition source for a defined period. For the horizontal burn test (HB), the flame is only applied once, while for vertical burn tests, it is applied at least twice.

Horizontal Burn (HB) rating signifies that the material burns slower than the maximum specified rate when tested horizontally.
Vertical Ratings (V-2, V-1, V-0) indicate that the material, when tested in a vertical position, extinguished itself within the required time after removing the ignition source. These ratings also note if the material dripped flaming particles that could ignite a cotton indicator below the test sample. In the 5VA and 5VB tests, the flame is applied up to five times to determine a material’s resistance to continued burning or flame propagation.

Differences in Test Methods and Criteria:

For enclosures, structural parts, and insulators used in consumer electronic products, plastic materials are assigned ratings such as 5VA, 5VB, V-0, V-1, V-2, or HB. Materials classified as 5VA or 5VB undergo more severe testing—approximately five times more intense—compared to the V-0, V-1, V-2, and HB tests. Importantly, no flaming particles should drip from 5VA or 5VB rated samples.

IP-Rating

IP Ratings consist of the letters IP (Ingress Protection), which are then followed by two digits. The higher the number after IP, the better the protection against foreign bodies. Sometimes a number is replaced by an ‘X’, this indicates that the enclosure is not yet rated for that specification. There are also several other letters that can be used after the IP rating which signifies other protection levels.

RAL-Color Names

	Deutsch	English	French	Spanish	Italian	Dutch
RAL 1000	Grünbeige	Green beige	Beige vert	Beige verdoso	Beige verdastro	Groenbeige
RAL 1001	Beige	Beige	Beige	Beige	Beige	Beige
RAL 1002	Sandgelb	Sand yellow	Jaune sable	Amarillo arena	Giallo sabbia	Zandgeel
RAL 1003	Signalgelb	Signal yellow	Jaune de sécurité	Amarillo señales	Giallo segnale	Signaalgeel
RAL 1004	Goldgelb	Golden yellow	Jaune or	Amarillo oro	Giallo oro	Goudgeel
RAL 1005	Honiggelb	Honey yellow	Jaune miel	Amarillo miel	Giallo miele	Honinggeel
RAL 1006	Maisgelb	Maize yellow	Jaune maïs	Amarillo maiz	Giallo polenta	Maisgeel
RAL 1007	Narzissengelb	Daffodil yellow	Jaune narcisse	Amarillo narciso	Giallo narciso	Narcissengeel
RAL 1011	Braunbeige	Brown beige	Beige brun	Beige pardo	Beige marrone	Bruinbeige
RAL 1012	Zitronengelb	Lemon yellow	Jaune citron	Amarillo limón	Giallo limone	Citroengeel
RAL 1013	Perlweiß	Oyster white	Blanc perlé	Blanco perla	Bianco perla	Parelwit
RAL 1014	Elfenbein	Ivory	Ivoire	Marfil	Avorio	Ivoorkleurig
RAL 1015	Hellelfenbein	Light ivory	Ivoire clair	Marfil claro	Avorio chiaro	Licht ivoorkleurig
RAL 1016	Schwefelgelb	Sulfur yellow	Jaune soufre	Amarillo azufre	Giallo zolfo	Zwavelgeel
RAL 1017	Safrangelb	Saffron yellow	Jaune safran	Amarillo azafrán	Giallo zafferano	Saffraangeel
RAL 1018	Zinkgelb	Zinc yellow	Jaune zinc	Amarillo de zinc	Giallo zinco	Zinkgeel
RAL 1019	Graubeige	Grey beige	Beige gris	Beige agrisado	Beige grigiastro	Grijsbeige
RAL 1020	Olivgelb	Olive yellow	Jaune olive	Amarillo oliva	Giallo olivastro	Olijfgeel
RAL 1021	Rapsgelb	Rape yellow	Jaune colza	Amarillo colza	Giallo navone	Koolzaadgeel
RAL 1023	Verkehrsgelb	Traffic yellow	Jaune signalisation	Amarillo tráfico	Giallo traffico	Verkeersgeel
RAL 1024	Ockergelb	Ochre yellow	Jaune ocre	Amarillo ocre	Giallo ocra	Okergeel
RAL 1026	Leuchtgelb	Luminous yellow	Jaune brillant	Amarillo brillante	Giallo brillante	Briljantgeel
RAL 1027	Currygelb	Curry	Jaune curry	Amarillo curry	Giallo curry	Kerriegeel
RAL 1028	Melonengelb	Melon yellow	Jaune melon	Amarillo melón	Giallo melone	Meloengeel
RAL 1032	Ginstergelb	Broom yellow	Jaune genêt	Amarillo retama	Giallo scopa	Bremgeel
RAL 1033	Dahliengelb	Dahlia yellow	Jaune dahlia	Amarillo dalia	Giallo dahlien	Dahliageel
RAL 1034	Pastellgelb	Pastel yellow	Jaune pastel	Amarillo pastel	Giallo pastello	Pastelgeel
RAL 1035	Perlbeige	Pearl beige	Beige nacré	Beige perlado	Beige perlato	Parelmoergrijs
RAL 1036	Perlgold	Pearl gold	Or nacré	Oro perlado	Oro perlato	Parelmoergoud
RAL 1037	Sonnengelb	Sun yellow	Jaune soleil	Amarillo sol	Giallo sole	Zonnegeel
RAL 2000	Gelborange	Yellow orange	Orangé jaune	Amarillo naranja	Arancio giallastro	Geeloranje
RAL 2001	Rotorange	Red orange	Orangé rouge	Rojo anaranjado	Arancio rossastro	Roodoranje
RAL 2002	Blutorange	Vermilion	Orangé sang	Naranja sanguineo	Arancio sanguigno	Vermiljoen
RAL 2003	Pastellorange	Pastel orange	Orangé pastel	Naranja pálido	Arancio pastello	Pasteloranje
RAL 2004	Reinorange	Pure orange	Orangé pur	Naranja puro	Arancio puro	Zuiver oranje
RAL 2005	Leuchtorange	Luminous orange	Orangé brillant	Naranja brillante	Arancio brillante	Briljantoranje
RAL 2007	Leuchthellorange	Luminous bright orange	Orangé clair brillant	Naranja claro brillante	Arancio chiaro brillante	Briljant lichtoranje
RAL 2008	Hellrotorange	Bright red orange	Orangé rouge clair	Rojo claro anaranjado	Rosso arancio chiaro	Licht roodoranje
RAL 2009	Verkehrsorange	Traffic orange	Orangé signalisation	Naranja tráfico	Arancio traffico	Verkeersoranje
RAL 2010	Signalorange	Signal orange	Orangé de sécurité	Naranja señales	Arancio segnale	Signaaloranje
RAL 2011	Tieforange	Deep orange	Orangé foncé	Naranja intenso	Arancio profondo	Dieporanje
RAL 2012	Lachsorange	Salmon orange	Orangé saumon	Naranja salmón	Arancio salmone	Zalmoranje
RAL 2013	Perlorange	Pearl orange	Orangé nacré	Naranja perlado	Arancio perlato	Parelmoeroranje
RAL 3000	Feuerrot	Flame red	Rouge feu	Rojo vivo	Rosso fuoco	Vuurrood
RAL 3001	Signalrot	Signal red	Rouge de sécurité	Rojo señales	Rosso segnale	Signaalrood
RAL 3002	Karminrot	Carmine red	Rouge carmin	Rojo carmin	Rosso carminio	Karmijnrood
RAL 3003	Rubinrot	Ruby red	Rouge rubis	Rojo rubí	Rosso rubino	Robijnrood
RAL 3004	Purpurrot	Purple red	Rouge pourpre	Rojo purpura	Rosso porpora	Purperrood
RAL 3005	Weinrot	Wine red	Rouge vin	Rojo vino	Rosso vino	Wijnrood
RAL 3007	Schwarzrot	Black red	Rouge noir	Rojo negruzco	Rosso nerastro	Zwartrood
RAL 3009	Oxidrot	Oxide red	Rouge oxyde	Rojo óxido	Rosso ossido	Oxyderood
RAL 3011	Braunrot	Brown red	Rouge brun	Rojo pardo	Rosso marrone	Bruinrood
RAL 3012	Beigerot	Beige red	Rouge beige	Rojo beige	Rosso beige	Beigerood
RAL 3013	Tomatenrot	Tomato red	Rouge tomate	Rojo tomate	Rosso pomodoro	Tomaatrood
RAL 3014	Altrosa	Antique pink	Vieux rose	Rojo viejo	Rosa antico	Oudroze
RAL 3015	Hellrosa	Light pink	Rose clair	Rosa claro	Rosa chiaro	Lichtroze
RAL 3016	Korallenrot	Coral red	Rouge corail	Rojo coral	Rosso corallo	Koraalrood
RAL 3017	Rosé	Rose	Rosé	Rosa	Rosato	Bleekrood
RAL 3018	Erdbeerrot	Strawberry red	Rouge fraise	Rojo fresa	Rosso fragola	Aardbeirood
RAL 3020	Verkehrsrot	Traffic red	Rouge signalisation	Rojo tráfico	Rosso traffico	Verkeersrood
RAL 3022	Lachsrot	Salmon pink	Rouge saumon	Rojo salmón	Rosso salmone	Zalmrood
RAL 3024	Leuchtrot	Luminous red	Rouge brillant	Rojo brillante	Rosso brillante	Briljantrood
RAL 3026	Leuchthellrot	Luminous bright red	Rouge clair brillant	Rojo claro brillante	Rosso chiaro brillante	Briljant lichtrood
RAL 3027	Himbeerrot	Raspberry red	Rouge framboise	Rojo frambuesa	Rosso lampone	Framboosrood
RAL 3031	Orientrot	Orient red	Rouge oriental	Rojo oriente	Rosso oriente	Oriëntrood
RAL 3032	Perlrubinrot	Pearl ruby red	Rouge rubis nacré	Rojo rubí perlado	Rosso rubino perlato	Parelmoerdonkerrood
RAL 3033	Perlrosa	Pearl pink	Rose nacré	Rosa perlado	Rosa perlato	Parelmoerlichtrood
RAL 4001	Rotlila	Red lilac	Lilas rouge	Rojo lila	Lilla rossastro	Roodlila
RAL 4002	Rotviolett	Red violet	Violet rouge	Rojo violeta	Viola rossastro	Roodpaars
RAL 4003	Erikaviolett	Heather violet	Violet bruyère	Violeta érica	Viola erica	Heidepaars
RAL 4004	Bordeauxviolett	Claret violet	Violet bordeaux	Burdeos	Viola bordeaux	Bordeuaxpaars
RAL 4005	Blaulila	Blue lilac	Lilas bleu	Lila azulado	Lilla bluastro	Blauwlila
RAL 4006	Verkehrspurpur	Traffic purple	Pourpre signalisation	Púrpurá tráfico	Porpora traffico	Verkeerspurper
RAL 4007	Purpurviolett	Purple violet	Violet pourpre	Violeta púrpura	Porpora violetto	Purperviolet
RAL 4008	Signalviolett	Signal violet	Violet de sécurité	Violeta señales	Violetto segnale	Signaalviolet
RAL 4009	Pastellviolett	Pastel violet	Violet pastel	Violeta pastel	Violetto pastello	Pastelviolet
RAL 4010	Telemagenta	Telemagenta	Telemagenta	Magenta tele	Tele Magenta	Telemagenta
RAL 4011	Perlviolett	Pearl violet	Violet nacré	Violeta perlado	Violetto perlato	Parelmoerdonkerviolet
RAL 4012	Perlbrombeer	Pearl blackberry	Mûre nacré	Morado perlado	Mora perlato	Parelmoerlichtviolet
RAL 5000	Violettblau	Violet blue	Bleu violet	Azul violeta	Blu violaceo	Paarsblauw
RAL 5001	Grünblau	Green blue	Bleu vert	Azul verdoso	Blu verdastro	Groenblauw
RAL 5002	Ultramarinblau	Ultramarine blue	Bleu outremer	Azul ultramar	Blu oltremare	Ultramarijnblauw
RAL 5003	Saphirblau	Sapphire blue	Bleu saphir	Azul zafiro	Blu zaffiro	Saffierblauw
RAL 5004	Schwarzblau	Black blue	Bleu noir	Azul negruzco	Blu nerastro	Zwartblauw
RAL 5005	Signalblau	Signal blue	Bleu de sécurité	Azul señales	Blu segnale	Signaalblauw
RAL 5007	Brillantblau	Brillant blue	Bleu brillant	Azul brillante	Blu brillante	Briljantblauw
RAL 5008	Graublau	Grey blue	Bleu gris	Azul grisáceo	Blu grigiastro	Grijsblauw
RAL 5009	Azurblau	Azure blue	Bleu azur	Azul azur	Blu azzurro	Azuurblauw
RAL 5010	Enzianblau	Gentian blue	Bleu gentiane	Azul genciana	Blu genziana	Gentiaanblauw
RAL 5011	Stahlblau	Steel blue	Bleu acier	Azul acero	Blu acciaio	Staalblauw
RAL 5012	Lichtblau	Light blue	Bleu clair	Azul luminoso	Blu luce	Lichtblauw
RAL 5013	Kobaltblau	Cobalt blue	Bleu cobalt	Azul cobalto	Blu cobalto	Kobaltblauw
RAL 5014	Taubenblau	Pigeon blue	Bleu pigeon	Azul colombino	Blu colomba	Duifblauw
RAL 5015	Himmelblau	Sky blue	Bleu ciel	Azul celeste	Blu cielo	Hemelsblauw
RAL 5017	Verkehrsblau	Traffic blue	Bleu signalisation	Azul tráfico	Blu traffico	Verkeersblauw
RAL 5018	Türkisblau	Turquoise blue	Bleu turquoise	Azul turquesa	Blu turchese	Turkooisblauw
RAL 5019	Capriblau	Capri blue	Bleu capri	Azul capri	Blu Capri	Capriblauw
RAL 5020	Ozeanblau	Ocean blue	Bleu océan	Azul oceano	Blu oceano	Oceaanblauw
RAL 5021	Wasserblau	Water blue	Bleu d’eau	Azul agua	Blu acqua	Waterblauw
RAL 5022	Nachtblau	Night blue	Bleu nocturne	Azul noche	Blu notte	Nachtblauw
RAL 5023	Fernblau	Distant blue	Bleu distant	Azul lejanía	Blu distante	Verblauw
RAL 5024	Pastellblau	Pastel blue	Bleu pastel	Azul pastel	Blu pastello	Pastelblauw
RAL 5025	Perlenzian	Pearl gentian blue	Gentiane nacré	Gencian perlado	Blu genziana perlato	Parelmoerblauw
RAL 5026	Perlnachtblau	Pearl night blue	Bleu nuit nacré	Azul noche perlado	Blu notte perlato	Parelmoernachtblauw
RAL 6000	Patinagrün	Patina green	Vert patine	Verde patina	Verde patina	Patinagroen
RAL 6001	Smaragdgrün	Emerald green	Vert émeraude	Verde esmeralda	Verde smeraldo	Smaragdgroen
RAL 6002	Laubgrün	Leaf green	Vert feuillage	Verde hoja	Verde foglia	Loofgroen
RAL 6003	Olivgrün	Olive green	Vert olive	Verde oliva	Verde oliva	Olijfgroen
RAL 6004	Blaugrün	Blue green	Vert bleu	Verde azulado	Verde bluastro	Blauwgroen
RAL 6005	Moosgrün	Moss green	Vert mousse	Verde musgo	Verde muschio	Mosgroen
RAL 6006	Grauoliv	Grey olive	Olive gris	Oliva grisáceo	Oliva grigiastro	Grijs olijfgroen
RAL 6007	Flaschengrün	Bottle green	Vert bouteille	Verde botella	Verde bottiglia	Flessegroen
RAL 6008	Braungrün	Brown green	Vert brun	Verde parduzco	Verde brunastro	Bruingroen
RAL 6009	Tannengrün	Fir green	Vert sapin	Verde abeto	Verde abete	Dennegroen
RAL 6010	Grasgrün	Grass green	Vert herbe	Verde hierba	Verde erba	Grasgroen
RAL 6011	Resedagrün	Reseda green	Vert réséda	Verde reseda	Verde reseda	Resedagroen
RAL 6012	Schwarzgrün	Black green	Vert noir	Verde negruzco	Verde nerastro	Zwartgroen
RAL 6013	Schilfgrün	Reed green	Vert jonc	Verde caña	Verde canna	Rietgroen
RAL 6014	Gelboliv	Yellow olive	Olive jaune	Amarillo oliva	Oliva giallastro	Geel olijfgroen
RAL 6015	Schwarzoliv	Black olive	Olive noir	Oliva negruzco	Oliva nerastro	Zwart olijfgroen
RAL 6016	Türkisgrün	Turquoise green	Vert turquoise	Verde turquesa	Verde turchese	Turkooisgroen
RAL 6017	Maigrün	May green	Vert mai	Verde mayo	Verde maggio	Meigroen
RAL 6018	Gelbgrün	Yellow green	Vert jaune	Verde amarillento	Verde giallastro	Geelgroen
RAL 6019	Weißgrün	Pastel green	Vert blanc	Verde blanquecino	Verde biancastro	Witgroen
RAL 6020	Chromoxidgrün	Chrome green	Vert oxyde chromique	Verde cromo	Verde cromo	Chroomoxydegroen
RAL 6021	Blaßgrün	Pale green	Vert pâle	Verde pálido	Verde pallido	Bleekgroen
RAL 6022	Braunoliv	Olive drab	Olive brun	Oliva parduzco	Oliva brunastro	Bruin olijfgroen
RAL 6024	Verkehrsgrün	Traffic green	Vert signalisation	Verde tráfico	Verde traffico	Verkeersgroen
RAL 6025	Farngrün	Fern green	Vert fougère	Verde helecho	Verde felce	Varengroen
RAL 6026	Opalgrün	Opal green	Vert opale	Verde opalo	Verde opale	Opaalgroen
RAL 6027	Lichtgrün	Light green	Vert clair	Verde luminoso	Verde chiaro	Lichtgroen
RAL 6028	Kieferngrün	Pine green	Vert pin	Verde pino	Verde pino	Pijnboomgroen
RAL 6029	Minzgrün	Mint green	Vert menthe	Verde menta	Verde menta	Mintgroen
RAL 6032	Signalgrün	Signal green	Vert de sécurité	Verde señales	Verde segnale	Signaalgroen
RAL 6033	Minttürkis	Mint turquoise	Turquoise menthe	Turquesa menta	Turchese menta	Mintturquoise
RAL 6034	Pastelltürkis	Pastel turquoise	Turquoise pastel	Turquesa pastel	Turchese pastello	Pastelturquoise
RAL 6035	Perlgrün	Pearl green	Vert nacré	Verde perlado	Verde perlato	Parelmoerdonkergroen
RAL 6036	Perlopalgrün	Pearl opal green	Vert opal nacré	Verde ópalo perlado	Verde opalo perlato	Parelmoerlichtgroen
RAL 7000	Fehgrau	Squirrel grey	Gris petit-gris	Gris ardilla	Grigio vaio	Pelsgrijs
RAL 7001	Silbergrau	Silver grey	Gris argent	Gris plata	Grigio argento	Zilvergrijs
RAL 7002	Olivgrau	Olive grey	Gris olive	Gris oliva	Grigio olivastro	Olijfgrijs
RAL 7003	Moosgrau	Moss grey	Gris mousse	Gris musgo	Grigio muschio	Mosgrijs
RAL 7004	Signalgrau	Signal grey	Gris de sécurité	Gris señales	Grigio segnale	Signaalgrijs
RAL 7005	Mausgrau	Mouse grey	Gris souris	Gris ratón	Grigio topo	Muisgrijs
RAL 7006	Beigegrau	Beige grey	Gris beige	Gris beige	Grigio beige	Beigegrijs
RAL 7008	Khakigrau	Khaki grey	Gris kaki	Gris caqui	Grigio kaki	Kakigrijs
RAL 7009	Grüngrau	Green grey	Gris vert	Gris verdoso	Grigio verdastro	Groengrijs
RAL 7010	Zeltgrau	Tarpaulin grey	Gris tente	Gris lona	Grigio tenda	Zeildoekgrijs
RAL 7011	Eisengrau	Iron grey	Gris fer	Gris hierro	Grigio ferro	Ijzergrijs
RAL 7012	Basaltgrau	Basalt grey	Gris basalte	Gris basalto	Grigio basalto	Bazaltgrijs
RAL 7013	Braungrau	Brown grey	Gris brun	Gris parduzco	Grigio brunastro	Bruingrijs
RAL 7015	Schiefergrau	Slate grey	Gris ardoise	Gris pizarra	Grigio ardesia	Leigrijs
RAL 7016	Anthrazitgrau	Anthracite grey	Gris anthracite	Gris antracita	Grigio antracite	Antracietgrijs
RAL 7021	Schwarzgrau	Black grey	Gris noir	Gris negruzco	Grigio nerastro	Zwartgrijs
RAL 7022	Umbragrau	Umbra grey	Gris terre d’ombre	Gris sombra	Grigio ombra	Ombergrijs
RAL 7023	Betongrau	Concrete grey	Gris béton	Gris hormigón	Grigio calcestruzzo	Betongrijs
RAL 7024	Graphitgrau	Graphite grey	Gris graphite	Gris grafita	Grigio grafite	Grafietgrijs
RAL 7026	Granitgrau	Granite grey	Gris granit	Gris granito	Grigio granito	Granietgrijs
RAL 7030	Steingrau	Stone grey	Gris pierre	Gris piedra	Grigio pietra	Steengrijs
RAL 7031	Blaugrau	Blue grey	Gris bleu	Gris azulado	Grigio bluastro	Blauwgrijs
RAL 7032	Kieselgrau	Pebble grey	Gris silex	Gris guijarro	Grigio ghiaia	Kiezelgrijs
RAL 7033	Zementgrau	Cement grey	Gris ciment	Gris cemento	Grigio cemento	Cementgrijs
RAL 7034	Gelbgrau	Yellow grey	Gris jaune	Gris amarillento	Grigio giallastro	Geelgrijs
RAL 7035	Lichtgrau	Light grey	Gris clair	Gris luminoso	Grigio luce	Lichtgrijs
RAL 7036	Platingrau	Platinum grey	Gris platine	Gris platino	Grigio platino	Platinagrijs
RAL 7037	Staubgrau	Dusty grey	Gris poussière	Gris polvo	Grigio polvere	Stofgrijs
RAL 7038	Achatgrau	Agate grey	Gris agate	Gris ágata	Grigio agata	Agaatgrijs
RAL 7039	Quarzgrau	Quartz grey	Gris quartz	Gris cuarzo	Grigio quarzo	Kwartsgrijs
RAL 7040	Fenstergrau	Window grey	Gris fenêtre	Gris ventana	Grigio finestra	Venstergrijs
RAL 7042	Verkehrsgrau A	Traffic grey A	Gris signalisation A	Gris tráfico A	Grigio traffico A	Verkeersgrijs A
RAL 7043	Verkehrsgrau B	Traffic grey B	Gris signalisation B	Gris tráfico B	Grigio traffico B	Verkeersgrijs B
RAL 7044	Seidengrau	Silk grey	Gris soie	Gris seda	Grigio seta	Zijdegrijs
RAL 7045	Telegrau 1	Telegrey 1	Telegris 1	Gris tele 1	Tele grigio 1	Telegrijs 1
RAL 7046	Telegrau 2	Telegrey 2	Telegris 2	Gris tele 2	Tele grigio 2	Telegrijs 2
RAL 7047	Telegrau 4	Telegrey 4	Telegris 4	Gris tele 4	Tele grigio 4	Telegrijs 4
RAL 7048	Perlmausgrau	Pearl mouse grey	Gris souris nacré	Gris musgo perlado	Grigio topo perlato	Parelmoermuisgrijs
RAL 8000	Grünbraun	Green brown	Brun vert	Pardo verdoso	Marrone verdastro	Groenbruin
RAL 8001	Ockerbraun	Ochre brown	Brun terre de Sienne	Pardo ocre	Marrone ocra	Okerbruin
RAL 8002	Signalbraun	Signal brown	Brun de sécurité	Marrón señales	Marrone segnale	Signaalbruin
RAL 8003	Lehmbraun	Clay brown	Brun argile	Pardo arcilla	Marrone fango	Leembruin
RAL 8004	Kupferbraun	Copper brown	Brun cuivré	Pardo cobre	Marrone rame	Koperbruin
RAL 8007	Rehbraun	Fawn brown	Brun fauve	Pardo corzo	Marrone capriolo	Reebruin
RAL 8008	Olivbraun	Olive brown	Brun olive	Pardo oliva	Marrone oliva	Olijfbruin
RAL 8011	Nußbraun	Nut brown	Brun noisette	Pardo nuez	Marrone noce	Notebruin
RAL 8012	Rotbraun	Red brown	Brun rouge	Pardo rojo	Marrone rossiccio	Roodbruin
RAL 8014	Sepiabraun	Sepia brown	Brun sépia	Sepia	Marrone seppia	Sepiabruin
RAL 8015	Kastanienbraun	Chestnut brown	Marron	Castaño	Marrone castagna	Kastanjebruin
RAL 8016	Mahagonibraun	Mahogany brown	Brun acajou	Caoba	Marrone mogano	Mahoniebruin
RAL 8017	Schokoladenbraun	Chocolate brown	Brun chocolat	Chocolate	Marrone cioccolata	Chocoladebruin
RAL 8019	Graubraun	Grey brown	Brun gris	Pardo grisáceo	Marrone grigiastro	Grijsbruin
RAL 8022	Schwarzbraun	Black brown	Brun noir	Pardo negruzco	Marrone nerastro	Zwartbruin
RAL 8023	Orangebraun	Orange brown	Brun orangé	Pardo anaranjado	Marrone arancio	Oranjebruin
RAL 8024	Beigebraun	Beige brown	Brun beige	Pardo beige	Marrone beige	Beigebruin
RAL 8025	Blaßbraun	Pale brown	Brun pâle	Pardo pálido	Marrone pallido	Bleekbruin
RAL 8028	Terrabraun	Terra brown	Brun terre	Marrón tierra	Marrone terra	Terrabruin
RAL 8029	Perlkupfer	Pearl copper	Cuivre nacré	Cobre perlado	Rame perlato	Parelmoerkoper
RAL 9001	Cremeweiß	Cream	Blanc crème	Blanco crema	Bianco crema	Crèmewit
RAL 9002	Grauweiß	Grey white	Blanc gris	Blanco grisáceo	Bianco grigiastro	Grijswit
RAL 9003	Signalweiß	Signal white	Blanc de sécurité	Blanco señales	Bianco segnale	Signaalwit
RAL 9004	Signalschwarz	Signal black	Noir de sécurité	Negro señales	Nero segnale	Signaalzwart
RAL 9005	Tiefschwarz	Jet black	Noir foncé	Negro intenso	Nero intenso	Gitzwart
RAL 9006	Weißaluminium	White aluminium	Aluminium blanc	Aluminio blanco	Alluminio brillante	Blank aluminiumkleurig
RAL 9007	Graualuminium	Grey aluminium	Aluminium gris	Aluminio gris	Alluminio grigiastro	Grijs aluminiumkleurig
RAL 9010	Reinweiß	Pure white	Blanc pur	Blanco puro	Bianco puro	Zuiver wit
RAL 9011	Graphitschwarz	Graphite black	Noir graphite	Negro grafito	Nero grafite	Grafietzwart
RAL 9016	Verkehrsweiß	Traffic white	Blanc signalisation	Blanco tráfico	Bianco traffico	Verkeersswit
RAL 9017	Verkehrsschwarz	Traffic black	Noir signalisation	Negro tráfico	Nero traffico	Verkeerszwart
RAL 9018	Papyrusweiß	Papyrus white	Blanc papyrus	Blanco papiro	Bianco papiro	Papyruswit
RAL 9022	Perlhellgrau	Pearl light grey	Gris clair nacré	Gris claro perlado	Grigio chiaro perlato	Parelmoerlichtgrijs
RAL 9023	Perldunkelgrau	Pearl dark grey	nçé nacré	Gris oscuro perlado	Grigio scuro perlato	Parelmoerdonkergrijs

REACH Compliant

REACH Compliance: Ensuring Safety and Sustainability in Chemicals Management

What is REACH?
REACH stands for Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals, a European Union regulation designed to protect human health and the environment from the risks posed by chemicals. It was introduced under Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 and applies to all EU member states.

What are the Goals of REACH?
REACH has several objectives that aim to create a safer and more sustainable approach to chemicals management:

Protecting Human Health and the Environment:
REACH regulates the use of chemical substances, requiring manufacturers and importers to identify and manage risks. By limiting exposure to hazardous chemicals, REACH ensures the safety of consumers, workers, and the environment.
Encouraging the Use of Safer Alternatives:
REACH promotes the substitution of dangerous substances with safer alternatives, fostering innovation and sustainable practices in industries that handle chemicals.
Improving Chemicals Transparency:
REACH requires businesses to register information about the chemicals they produce or import in quantities of 1 tonne or more per year. This transparency enables better risk management and informed decision-making.
Facilitating a Harmonized Regulatory Framework:
As an EU-wide regulation, REACH provides consistent rules for managing chemicals across all member states, simplifying compliance for companies operating internationally.

What Does REACH Compliance Mean?
REACH compliance means that a company adheres to the standards set by the regulation, ensuring the safe use, handling, and disposal of chemical substances. Companies must demonstrate that their products do not pose unacceptable risks to human health or the environment.

Why is REACH Compliance Important?

Health and Safety:
REACH reduces the risks associated with exposure to hazardous chemicals for consumers and workers. This is crucial for creating safer work environments and healthier communities.
Environmental Protection:
By restricting harmful substances, REACH minimizes environmental pollution and contributes to a more sustainable future.
Market Access:
Compliance with REACH is mandatory for companies selling products within the EU, ensuring uninterrupted market access.
Enhanced Credibility:
Demonstrating REACH compliance signals a company’s commitment to responsible chemicals management, enhancing reputation and trust with clients and partners.

The Benefits of REACH Compliance

Increased Consumer Confidence: REACH-compliant products inspire trust among consumers and business partners, showing a commitment to safety and sustainability.
Innovation and Sustainability: The regulation drives innovation by encouraging the development of safer, eco-friendly alternatives.
Legal and Trade Advantages: Compliance ensures seamless business operations in the EU market and reduces the risk of regulatory penalties.
Safer Products and Processes: Adhering to REACH standards results in better product quality and safer manufacturing practices.

Towards a Safer and More Sustainable Future with REACH
At Kang Yang Europe B.V., we are committed to meeting REACH requirements to protect human health and the environment. By ensuring compliance, we contribute to a safer and more sustainable future while providing products that our clients can trust.

Together, let’s create a healthier and more responsible industry!

RoHS Compliant

RoHS Compliance: Promoting Safety and Sustainability in Electronics

What is RoHS?
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, a European directive established to limit the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.

What are the Goals of RoHS?
RoHS has several key objectives that contribute to a safer and more sustainable electronics industry:

Limiting Exposure to Hazardous Substances:
RoHS focuses on reducing the use of six hazardous substances in electronic equipment: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). By limiting exposure to these substances, RoHS enhances the safety of both users and workers within the electronics industry.
Promoting Sustainability:
RoHS reduces the environmental impact of electronics by limiting harmful substances, encouraging the use of alternative materials, and promoting a more sustainable industry. These substances can harm the environment during production and disposal, so replacing them with safer alternatives reduces negative impacts on the planet.
Harmonizing Regulations:
As a European directive, RoHS applies to all EU member states, providing unified regulations that ease the trade of electronic equipment across borders. This harmonization supports smoother business operations across the EU.

RoHS requirements are outlined in Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and the Council from June 8, 2011, concerning the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.

What Does RoHS Compliance Mean?
RoHS compliance indicates that an electronic device meets the requirements of the RoHS directive. This means it does not contain hazardous substances above the allowable levels. Manufacturers are responsible for ensuring their products meet RoHS compliance standards before entering the market.

RoHS compliance is essential for several reasons:

User/Worker Safety: Limiting hazardous substances improves the safety of users and workers in the electronics industry. These substances can pose serious health risks, such as poisoning or cancer. Choosing RoHS-compliant equipment helps reduce these risks.
Environmental Protection: Hazardous substances have harmful environmental effects during both production and disposal. Selecting RoHS-compliant equipment supports a more sustainable electronics industry and minimizes environmental impact.

What are the Benefits of RoHS Compliance?
RoHS compliance offers various advantages for manufacturers, clients, and end-users:

Enhanced Reputation: Meeting RoHS compliance demonstrates a manufacturer’s commitment to product safety and sustainability, improving reputation and consumer trust.
Access to the European Market: RoHS compliance is mandatory to enter the EU market.
Better Product Quality: The compliance process involves a thorough analysis of supply chains and production processes, resulting in higher product quality and reliability.
Safer Work Environment: By restricting hazardous substances, RoHS contributes to a healthier and safer work environment for industry employees.

Towards a Sustainable Future with RoHS
RoHS compliance is essential for a sustainable future. By reducing hazardous substances in electronic equipment, Kang Yang Europe B.V. contributes and strives to a healthier planet for future generations.

Together we make the electronics industry safer and more sustainable!

Shore Hardness

Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs), are materials that combine the flexible properties of rubber with the ease of plastic processing. TPEs are made up of systems that mix hard and soft phases, either as blends, alloys, or copolymers . TPEs are effective in absorbing energy, making them ideal for reducing noise or vibration. One of the key features of TPEs is their adaptability; depending on how they are formulated, they can range from being extremely soft, like a gel, to as firm as hard plastics like polypropylene. For this reason, the measurement of “Hardness” is a critical factor when evaluating TPEs.

The Hardness of TPEs, also called Shore Hardness, is measured using a durometer gauge. This instrument measures the indentation of a spring loaded steel rod into the surface of a TPE sample. On the scale, higher numbers indicate high resistance to compression, indicating a high TPE hardness. On the other hand, lower numbers on the durometer scale indicate lower resistance to compression, meaning lower hardness of the material.

Shore hardness is an important factor to determine the correct Fan Mount Rivets (Kang Yang BUB series) and Anti Vibration Grommets (Kang Yang TGM series)

Storage Condition Recommendations

Material	Details	Suggested Temperature/Humidity	Shelf Life
Plastic	Typical Nylon 6/6 others	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-80% RH	3 years
	Special case/moisture sensitive designs	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-80% RH	6 months
	Adhesive taped plastic	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-80% RH	1 year
Metallic	Standard electroplated	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-80% RH	3 years
	Tin/solderability plated	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-80% RH	6 months
Rubber/Silicone	Elastomeric compounds	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-60% RH	1 year
	Elastomer + adhesive	5-40 degrees Celsius / 30-60% RH	6 months

Other notes:

Keep our product in original bags/packaging until ready to use
Yellowing / aging of the nylon after 1-2 years is normal and will not affect performance
Adhesive backed clips/products should ideally be kept within the range of 15-38 degrees C.
Nylon is Hygroscopic and will either gain or lose moisture depending upon the environment

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